The turning point of war; Stalingrad battle

The defining moment of war; Stalingrad fight Presentation The accompanying paper will show how the Stalingrad fight, requested by Hitler, was simply yet the defining moment of war in World War II. This is on the grounds that it was the finish of a recognition the world had, that Germany was the most remarkable country and could win each war. This will be into examination with different examples when Hitler had assaulted different pieces of the world.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The defining moment of war; Stalingrad fight explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Stalingrad Battle By mid 1942, Germany had cost Russians huge misfortunes regarding assets and work power given that the previous had figured out how to execute more than 3,000,000 Russian officers and putting very nearly a comparative number in bondage. Were it not for winter that pushed them back a piece, Germans had caught around 90% of Russian land and assets. By the start of summer, Hitler was again prepared to assau lt Russia exploiting their frail status because of the huge misfortunes he had cost them before on. The Stalingrad fight started in September 1942 throughout the winter, drove by the â€Å"German leader of the 6th armed force, General Paulus and helped by Fourth Panzer Army†; for sure, General Paulus was requested by Hitler to take Stalingrad whose underlying objective was to catch the oil fields at Caucasus and their last objective was Baku[1], which provided seventy-one percent of all the oil the Soviets utilized during Word war II. Hitler’s other explanation behind catching Stalingrad was because of its relationship with Russia just as its association with the south conduit. Hence by holding onto Stalingrad, he would have incapacitated Russia by a lot. All his enthusiasm on Stalingrad was quickened by the way that he was keen on harming the name of his adversary Stalin who was the Soviet despot and the city was named after his name. For quite a while, the world was persuaded that Germany had the best and most grounded armed force, which means they could win any war. The complexity of this started during Red Verdun war in 1918, two years before World War I ended[2]. In 1916, the cream of Germany armed force connected with French in a fight that bombed frightfully and from that point forward, issues started since most its devotees pulled back, divisions in the military started which at last fallen, hence it had no future. Their adversaries â€Å"Anglo-American-French bloc,† didn't understand that they were moving toward triumph and they â€Å"continued accepting that the German armed force was as yet the most powerful†[3]. The Stalingrad fight is diverse in nature from Red Verdun fight since it was the Germans last articulation of a urgent battle. The Soviet armed force won this fight and it was not just the defining moment in the World War II however in the historical backdrop of humankind.Advertising Looking for research project on history? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sixty five percent of all setbacks in the war were Russian. It was Russia blood, hardware, assets and will which cut Hitler down. This is apparent from the way that, when Stalin delegated the two best military administrators, they promised to either free Stalingrad or bite the dust with so much assurance. A large number of individuals on the planet followed the procedures of Stalingrad cautiously and each progression the Soviet armed force made brought to them nervousness and blended joy all through the world[4]. After this annihilation, the German armed force was in full retreat since it had lost a great deal consequently it was so frail to such an extent that it would require some investment to recoup of which Russia was all the while progressing.. During his fights, before for example in Poland, Norway, Holland, Belgium, and France, where he unquestionably won, Hitler never set ou t to isolate his consideration yet consistently guided all his focus to one significant goal. Opposite, during the Stalingrad fight, Hitler had isolated consideration in light of the fact that when he requested assault of the city, a few gatherings of his military were still en route to Caucasus and he was all the while setting others up for a succeeding assault of Siberia. It was in this manner hasty to progress having left a significant city unconquered[5]. Were Hitler not isolated; his 6th armed force would not have been entwined at Stalingrad. The city of Stalingrad was named after the Soviet tyrant Joseph Stalin who was an extraordinary foe to Hitler. Germany nearly toppled Russia yet they neglected to practice their position. Hitler had excused his president and had played the job himself with no counsel consequently this disarray made it difficult for the military to overcome Soviet, which was extremely sorted out and decided. The two militaries were well outfitted with warri ors, cannons firearms, tanks, and planes in this manner, however Germany was believed to be more grounded, they would catch zones during the day, yet Russia would recover them around evening time. Russian administrator at the time was Marshal Zhukov. For them to be crushed, Germans were caught in Stalingrad city by a majority of Zhukov armed force who had encircled the city. Paulus could have had the option to escape the snare in the clench hand phases of Russians arrangement yet Hitler requested them to battle up to the last projectile. At the point when the force of the fight was completely with the Soviets, Hitler would not let Paulus retreat since he never needed to hold up under the blame.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The defining moment of war; Stalingrad fight explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Their catch was quickened by the way that when they were encircled in the city, it was difficult for them to be provided with food, am mo, and warmth since the winter temperatures were understanding negative. Left with no decision, they gave up to the Soviet armed force and were taken as detainees. Germany started to withdraw since their annihilation in Stalingrad. This is on the grounds that they lost work when 91 000 Germans were taken detainees and they lost their military and gear meaning they couldn't have the option to battle the Soviet Union any more. This was the ruin of the world’s most impressive armed force, which had purposed to overcome the entire world in this way their destruction was a finished freedom to mankind and a defining moment in the World-war II. The skirmish of Stalingrad was the bloodiest fight in history and an unexpected and far reaching debacle of Germany. It was one of the most barbaric and coldblooded during the World War 2 since individuals battled truly from road to road and house to house[6]. It was a titanic fight where Stalin’s very name was an objective, whereby, each road, house, and floor must be meticulously taken. It was the finish of the last significant increase of an area by the Axis on either front, from that point on forward all the significant assaults and offensives were a joined exertion. Germany was a super force before 1914 yet by 1945, it was a second world country. This is on the grounds that the intrusion of the Soviet Union depleted a large portion of their assets. The Germans were totally caught off guard for war and on the off chance that it were not for the significant distances and awful winters, the Soviet Union would have most likely lost. The transparent quantities of work power and expanding creation at long last switched things around. After Germanys inability to take Stalingrad, their Eastern front armed force was for all intents and purposes pulverized and they had to escape the Soviet Union[7]. This turned the War in putting the Russians in all out attack mode, which legitimately helped in the annihilation and o vercoming of Germany by the Allied Forces all through 1944 and 1945. Germany was, basically, encircled with the Americans and British in the West, and the Russians in the East. Before Stalingrad Hitler was still on course to win the war in the European theater however a while later, he was on the back foot considering the quantity of troops that were locked in and that died[8].Advertising Searching for research project on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Plainly, the fight was a significant key misstep by Hitler since it squandered crucial German assets. Hitler ought to have packed all powers in Southern Russia and utilized them to catch the crucial oil fields of the Caucasus’s since oil was the backbone of all the automated tanks, planes, and trucks that the Soviet association utilized during World war II. In Stalingrad, the Germans were hindered and lost all their past points of interest, for example, versatility, capability and airplane spread. In spite of taking 90% of the city, the Russians hung tight, and since they well familiar with the winter season, they had the option to encompass the city, rendering Germans powerless. A large number of men had been caught and encircled and the main German field marshal had been taken prisoner in history †a significant promulgation upset for Stalin and an insult for Hitler. Had Soviets lost Stalingrad, they would have lost the war, and the crude material they required would hav e fallen under the control of Germans. This is on the grounds that their objective, Stalingrad and Baku were the significant providers of oil and different necessities Soviet were utilizing during the World War II. The Downfall of Hitler The ruin of Germany originated from poor authority. This is on the grounds that when the Germans were assaulting Russia for the subsequent time, Hitler chose to taken up the job of his Generals and he counseled them no more. Prior on, the German military had purposed to keep avoiding the effectively feeble Russian armed force and to smash the staying ones just as catching the Russia capital city. Moreover, they were to catch the rich oil fields Caucasus just as Stalingrad, the principle mechanical and transportation focus that was the primary conduit of inward Russia. Their point was not to involve Stalingrad however to put it under overwhelming reconnaissance to guarantee that no organizations were working. The greatest mix-up that Hitler did was h is choice to stay in Stalingrad in the wake of being deluded by the way that

Memento Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Keepsake - Essay Example In the short story variant â€Å"Memento Mori† a man named Earl has lost his momentary memory after he and his better half were violently assaulted by an obscure attacker. His better half was slaughtered in the assault yet Earl supported extreme head wounds bringing about his transient amnesia. Since he can just recall things for around ten minutes one after another, he utilizes notes and tattoos to monitor new data. The story goes between double cross edges. In the first time allotment Earl is in a psychological organization. The subsequent time allotment subtleties his break from the psychological organization which he doesn't recollect. During his departure he decides to retaliate for the homicide of his significant other by discovering her executioner. Since Earl is missing long haul memory he depends on notes, tattoos and a third individual story to support him. The story is told utilizing the third individual account alongside a first individual story. The primary indivi dual account is told from Earl’s perspective with sentences starting with â€Å"you†, while the third individual story is an outcast to the story. â€Å" The capacity of the third-individual portrayal is to compare an outside perspective on Earl with the inward perspectives that Earl communicates in his composition. The third individual storyteller portrays how Earl's momentary memory misfortune influences his conduct. The outer storyteller shows Earl faltering around and perusing his perpetual notes.† (Nolan n. pag.) Earl prevails with regards to executing his wife’s yet can't recall this episode. The story closes with Earl in the rear of a squad car after he is captured for slaughtering his wife’s’ killer. The movie â€Å"Memento† was coordinated by Christopher Nolan. (Jonathan Nolan’s sibling) In it the fundamental character is named Leonard Shelby. Like Earl, Leonard and his better half were assaulted violently by obscure a ggressors and his significant other is murdered in the assault. Leonard was mercilessly beaten by a similar man who executed his better half and because of this horrendous assault he has no momentary memory. Leonard killed the aggressor who assaulted and choked his better half, however a second clubbed him and got away. After an examination by law requirement, police established that the assailant who was murdered by Leonard acted alone. Anyway Leonard demands that there was a second aggressor that he accepted was named John G. Like Earl in the short story form Leonard directs his own examination utilizing an arrangement of notes and tattoos so as to assist himself with adapting to transient memory misfortune. He additionally adds Polaroid photographs to support him. Be that as it may while Earl acted alone Leonard has the assistance of Natalie, a barmaid and Teddy who professes to be Leonard’s companion. These individuals appear to arbitrary individuals that Leonard runs ove r who don't appear to have anything to do with the other. (â€Å"Memento†)Unlike Earl who saw the essence of his wife’s executioner, â€Å"You recollect his face†, (sheepdean), Leonard never observed the essences of the culprits in the assault. Thus he ends up being controlled by Teddy and Natalie into executing two wrong men. (â€Å"Memento†) The plot of the film variant goes from the finish of the film to the start of the film (end of the plot). There are shading arrangements interconnected with highly contrasting groupings all through the film. (Token) The highly contrasting arrangements start with Leonard sitting in an inn room chatting on the telephone to an obscure individual. The shading groupings are likewise not appeared all together. When Leonard discovers the tag of â€Å"

Financial Basics Good Interest vs. Bad Interest

Financial Basics Good Interest vs. Bad Interest Financial Basics: Good Interest vs. Bad Interest Financial Basics: Good Interest vs. Bad InterestSince its  National Financial Literacy Month, were getting back to basics. Todays post covers interest: The kind that helps  and the kind that hurts.Despite its name, many people do not find “interest” particularly interesting. Which is unfortunate, because a proper knowledge of interest will make a huge difference in your financial life. That’s why we spoke to the experts to create a handy dandy guide to interest that we hope you’ll find interesting. Or, at the very least, that you’ll find compelling enough to read on your phone while sitting on the bus.Does your bus ride currently provide a helpful dose of financial advice? Well, now it can!Basic interest.Interest has been around for a very long time. Even longer than money itself!  Essentially, it’s a way for those with resources to get compensation for lending out the aforementioned resources. We give you four cows. You then use those cows to make more cows. One year lat er, you give us back five cows. As long as you still have some cows left over, we’ve both come out ahead.When you take out a loan, unless it’s from a friend or family member, you’re almost certainly going to have to pay some interest. The amount will vary, but it will be a percentage of the total loan amount, or principal. The loan may also come with additional fees, which is why it’s important to compare different loans in terms of their APRs, or Annual Percentage Rating. A loan’s APR is a measure of its total cost, including fees and interest.But you can also make interest work for you! One way to do that would be to start a bank or other lending institution. But an easier way to do that is by putting your money into an account that yields interest, as most accounts do. That’s because when you put money into a bank account, you’re actually lending money to that bank.So how can you make sure you’re always handling interest as well as possible, regardless of whether you’re paying or receiving it? Keep reading and see!Taking account.You have to put your money somewhere. Sure, you could keep it all in your pockets, but that’s just asking for trouble. And while keeping it under your mattress might be a classic, it’s almost as risky as just keeping it in your pockets.That’s why most financial advisors will recommend you keep your money in a bank account. And, as we previously mentioned, this technically means you’re lending money to the bank and will be receiving interest in return. But if you want that interest to be substantial, you’ll need to choose the right account.“If you want to maximize the interest you receive on your bank accounts, it pays to try and start with the most favorable conditions,” suggested Stephen Hart, CEO of  Cardswitcher. “Before you even start saving, make sure that your account is one that returns a high rate of interest. Shop around as much as possible, comparing deals to see which offers you a better return. Also, check the rewards that are associated with particular bank accounts, as sometimes you can find these can influence your interest rates.”Finding the right bank account isn’t your only opportunity to be a lender, however.“The best way to get the best of both sides of the interest coin is to be a lender and not a borrower,” advised Steven Nuckols, president and founder of Wealth Compass Financial (@_Wealth_Compass). “Interest rates are going to continue to rise, although slowly, and lenders will be getting paid more for their money. For most people, this means better returns on bank accounts, CDs, and new bond issues. A roundabout positive is that banks will have higher margins and will be able to offer more incentives to customers through credit card rewards, bonuses, and interest rates on products.”But you can’t always be the lender.A loan again.Unless you have a swimming pool full of cash in one of the rooms of your house, you’re probably going to have to take out to get a loan at some point. For example, every time you use a credit card, you’re technically taking out a loan. Fortunately, it’s one of the few kinds of loans you can actually avoid paying interest on at all.“If youre looking to reduce the amount of interest that you have to pay on your credit card account, one of the most effective techniques is to just ensure that you pay off the amount in full every month before the grace period ends,” urged Hart.When it comes to every other kind of loan, you’ll want to shop around to find out which options have the lowest APR. The sooner you can pay down any loan, the less you’ll have to pay in interest. You do need to be careful, however, as some loans come with a prepayment penalty that will punish early payment.If you have bad credit, youre going to find yourself stuck with  much  higher interest rates. Short-term bad credit loans and no credit check loans like payday loans, title loans, and cash advances often come with annual rates of 300 percent or higher! (You might have some better luck with a bad credit installment loan.)The answer to that quandary is simple: Raising your credit score will allow you to get personal loans at better rates! We’ve written about how you can improve your credit score multiple times, like here for example. (And in the meantime, a well-stocked emergency fund will help you whether any surprise bill or financial shortfall.)At the end of the day, interest is pretty simple. You want to get it, rather than having to pay it. If you are getting it, you want to get as much as possible, and if you’re paying it, you want to pay as little as possible.To learn more about how you can improve your financial situation, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:10 Good Money Habits to Make Your Friends JealousThe Debt Snowball Method Can Help You Get out of DebtSave More Money with These 40 Expert TipsBuilding Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsAfter working in the financial industry for several years, Stephen Hart left his role as Chief Financial Officer at WorldPay to launch the UK’s first payment processing comparison site, Cardswitcher. Nowadays, he helps SMEs save money on their payment processing costs.Steven Nuckols is the President of  Wealth Compass Financial (@_Wealth_Compass).  An independent registered investment advisor firm specializing in financial planning and wealth management.

Age Restrictions On Social Media - 977 Words

Even with the dangerous developments in social media over the past several years, many parents have chosen to allow their children to use these sites despite age restrictions. There are three reasons to argue for age restrictions on social media sites: lack of supervision by parents, targeting of children by pedophiles, and the prevalence of children falsifying their age. The ability of pedophiles to conceivably target children with social media proves that this is an issue that parents need to examine so that they may better protect their children. The threat from pedophiles causes an enormous problem for millions of children on social media sites. Unfortunately, Western Daily Press states that â€Å"Pedophiles can get away with grooming young teenagers on social media sites.† My essay will argue that age restrictions need to be in place, and additional regulations should ensure that law enforcement agencies have the tools required to supervise underage children s use of soci al media, including Facebook and Twitter. Quoting from Business Wire, â€Å"three out of four parents feel that social network sites are not protecting children.† According to Irish Independent, â€Å"four out of ten children falsify their age† when using social media. I will also argue that additional research on this topic can be used to raise the awareness of parents, and can also help to alert the children themselves to the danger. My essay will also examine questions, such as: How can social media sites protectShow MoreRelatedWhy Social Media Should Have Better Age Restrictions947 Words   |  4 PagesWhy social media should have better age restrictions In recent years the world has become very accepting; some might even go as far as to say overly accepting to the convenience of social media. There are a number of different applications, and websites that are available to us for example: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Vine, Tumblr, Snapchat, Kik, and Pinterest to name a few. These different venues provide a means of communication, reconnecting with long-lost friends and family, networking forRead MoreWhy Social Media Should Have Better Age Restrictions Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesWhy social media should have better age restrictions In recent years the world has become very accepting; some might even go as far as to say overly accepting to the convenience of social media. There are a number of different applications, and websites that are available to us for example: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Vine, Tumblr, Snapchat, Kik, and Pinterest to name a few. These different venues provide for us a means of communication, reconnecting with long-lost friends and family, networkingRead MoreSocial Media s Influence On Mental Health And Overall Quality Of Life1707 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media usage by adolescents must be limited in order to improve mental health and overall quality of life. Adolescent social media activity continues to grow, creating technology dependence in younger generations. Technology remains in its prime throughout the twenty first century with advancements in internet and smartphone capabilities. 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Usually, most teenagers are inexperienced and this could be a huge risk. Therefore, should driving restrictions and guidelines be stricter? Supporters argue that stricter driving laws should be put in place because teens tend to not only be inexperienced, but also irresponsible and prone to distractions. However, critics argue that making stricter guidelines would only make matters worse. They argue that teens gainRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children974 Words   |  4 Pagespeople have more ways to access many kinds of media, like Internet, video game, television and film. It is generally believed that some of the bad information such as violent content in the media can have a negative effect on people, and it can end up causing some social problem. It is clear that children are more likely to be influenced by media violence than other age groups because of their world outlook and personality are not formed. Furthermore is if media violence does have some profound influenceRead MoreEssay on MAth1082 Words   |  5 Pagescategories from which you may choose are listed below. Biocultural Variations and Cultural Aspects of the Incidence of Disease Communication Cultural Affiliations Cultural Sanctions Restrictions Developmental Considerations Economics Educational Background Health-Related beliefs and Practices Kinship and Social Networks Nutrition Religion and Spirituality Values Orientation Type the names of the five categories you have chosen in the table below in the column marked â€Å"Categories.† 4. DevelopRead MoreThe Power of Social Media1480 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of the Power of Social Media Critical Thinking for Foundation Skills for Graduate Management Date submitted: November 29, 2011 Social media is not a new concept to our society, it has been effect from the 1950’s commencing with the phone era but has only recently been mainstreamed into our culture and business world. The late 1960s saw the existence of the internet as a network but the World Wide Web officially developed in 1991. The first social network was recognized in 1997Read MoreCyber Bullying And Its Effects On Children1314 Words   |  6 Pagesinternet is to contact friends and relatives by posting pictures and sending comments on social media websites. For example, according to Jay Baer, a social media researcher, â€Å"56% of Americans have a profile on a social networking site†. The outcomes of these sites when used appropriately are enjoyable, but for children ages ten to eighteen, cyber bullying is a frequent activity through the sites. Social media websites need filters to decrease cyber bullying since young users have no remote understandingRead MoreSocial Media s Influence On S ociety1710 Words   |  7 Pagesnew social issue began to surface. As the internet rapidly gained international popularity, new branches of it were created. Currently, Social media dominates the internet world. Merriam-Webster dictionary defines social media as,  ¨forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (as videos)† (www.merriam-webster.com). The sudden rise of social media’s

Essay Guidance of Young Children - 1567 Words

My prior understanding of discipline was uneducated and inaccurate. I was certain that discipline was related to punishment and the goal was to have a particular unwanted behavior to cease. A child that required discipline would be singled out, scolded, forced to perform a chore or action, such as sit for a time out, or the child would have something taken away, such as television or toys. As a child, I grew up in a household with parents who were primarily authoritative. They tended to be fair; however they did use punishment through grounding, which generally meant that we were not able to engage in fun for set period of time. Other times, we were instructed to perform some sort of labor of their choice, such as washing my Dads†¦show more content†¦Guidance teaching is character education in its truest, least political sense --guiding children to develop the empathy, self-esteem, and self-control needed for autonomy. (Gartrell, 2004, p. 22) As a guidance professional, I will have the ability to inform parents about the positive effects of guidance and the negative effects of punishment. If they are perceptive to this and through the use of guidance, our students will discover how to manage themselves, their interactions with their fellow students and with all within the world in a positive manner. 2. A guidance or discipline encounter is an interaction between an adult and child and often includes helping the child alter her behavior in some way (Marion, 2012, p. 115). Negative discipline strategies tend to focus, as one would assume, strictly on negative behavior. Punishment is often utilized as an attempt to make the child behave in desired manner. A controversial form of negative discipline that it still used in schools is time-outs. During a time-out a child is removed from the group and is isolated for a set period of time. 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While young children are in our care I believe that teachers need to focus on guiding young children in the right direction. Therefore, three long-term goals that are critical for young children to develop are independence, self-discipline, and initiative. All of the aforementioned goals are pertinent for young children to develop. These goals willRead MoreCypop2-6.1 Plan Meals for Young Children That Meet Their Nutritional Needs Based on Current Government Guidance and Information from Carers.1670 Words   |  7 PagesCYPOP2-6.1 Plan meals for young children that meet their nutritional needs based on current government guidance and information from carers. Studies have documented that schedules and routines influence children’s emotional, cognitive, and social development. Predictable and consistent schedules in preschool classrooms help children feel secure and comfortable. Also, schedules and routines help children understand the expectations of the environment and reduce the frequency of behaviour problemsRead More2.2/1.1 Identify the Current Legislation, Guidelines, Policies and Procedures for Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People, Including E-Safety.1238 Words   |  5 Pagespromoting children’s safety and welfare as well as protecting children when abuse happens. It has only been developed in the past 50 years, and the need for improved legislation has been highlighted by cases such as Maria Colwell (1973) and Victoria Climbie (2000) as these cases showed weaknesses in procedures. The United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child (1989) is an international human rights treaty that grants all children a comprehensive set of rights. The convention has 54 articlesRead MoreNurturing Yields a Productive Citizen Essay1651 Words   |  7 Pagescitizen? Yes, nurturing children, â€Å" building a loving and caring relationship† in an early childhood stage allows young children to obtain a positive self-concept, reach social emotional development, understand others, achieve physical growth0 and learn intellectually and morally (Love Our Children USA). First, a positive self-concept (the image one has of oneself and ones strengths) sets the basis as to how a child will conduct his or herself in the future. â€Å"Children with good self conceptsRead MoreTheories Of Mistaken Behavior And Misbehavior1109 Words   |  5 Pagesat three levels experimentation, socially influenced, and strong unmet needs. Teachers who use guidance see democratic life skills as difficult to learn, and they recognize that children are just at the beginning stages of a lifelong process of learning these skills. In the process of learning any difficult skill, children, like all of us, make mistakes. 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Rough play can be seenRead MoreThe Seven Basic Beliefs About Guidance908 Words   |  4 PagesThe Seven Basic Beliefs about Guidance help teacher’s to establish effective guidance practices by identifying effective guidance strategies that are developmentally and culturally appropriate, based on respectful and supportive relationship with children. The three dimensions Positive Climate, Teacher Sensitivity and Regard for Student Perspective of the Emotional Support Domain relate to The Seven Basic Beliefs about Guida nce because they both support teachers by providing specific teaching practicesRead MoreMy Philosophy For Child Guidance867 Words   |  4 Pagesfor child guidance would highlight the individual qualities and experiences of each child, always keeping in mind their individual emotional and cognitive development, family situation, social environment, and unique personality. I believe whole heartedly that children should be treated with respect and dignity. The use child guidance techniques that are positive and emotionally supportive of each individual child are the most important to me since how we treat and educate young children will notRead MoreBehaviour: Childhood887 Words   |  4 PagesCARE COURSE LEVEL 2 2012 STUDENT: SUPPORT CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE’S POSITIVE BEHAVIOUR Support children and young people’s positive behaviour Describe the policies and procedures of the setting relevant to promoting children and young positive behaviour. Codes of conduct: for staff in a children or young people’s setting may provide extra guidance for staff or dealing with inappropriate behavior. Respect: Staff must show respect for children and colleagues at all times. Calm: be calm

Management control Free Essays

1)By control of management we mean the processes in which various scopes of business standards are developed with the aim of providing the most appropriate performances both in the human capital as well business processes for the most adequate and optimal business function. This helps in providing a guarantee for the implementation process of business plans. It is a basic link with which the functional outlay of an organization is described to provide a complete cycle for activity performance. We will write a custom essay sample on Management control or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through such performance monitoring, there is a buildup in the scope of organization communication. Through controlling, various organizational tasks are delegated to various key personalities which provides the scope of accountability for the different key players in such corporate personalities. Basically therefore, control means the basic process in which case various standards for organizational performance for its persons as well as the corporate processes are seldom set out, communicated between the corporate components and therefore applied in the business process. Through performance controls, the correct evaluations can be provided   (http://www.freeonlineresearchpapers.com/functions-management) However, the implication of management control may have negative implications. This is usually developed from the management tools for business control which provide negative advantages in the business processes. This is from the negative impacts which arises from affirmative processes in setting, communicating and also applications of such control tools. Basically, the negative implications of the control tools develop when their structural methodology provides market disadvantages and hence operational losses. Due to the changing nature of management and technology concepts of businesses, the control tool is also changing to capture a more vibrant diversity in approach which provides the business management tools an adequately changing environment in the highly competitive market. Control tools are also changing to provide better chances of business performance and activity. This is from the changing outlook in business support output where the planning requirement, leading as well organizing facets in the current business environment is subsequently changing to provide more adaptive business strategic rationale. (http://www.freeonlineresearchpapers.com/functions-management) 2) There are various systems of control for business organizations. Either, to each system, various advantages and disadvantages are allied to them. The nature and scope of control system depends on the resource availability nature and magnitude of the organization. These include the proportional control in which the control tools are apportioned to different areas in magnitudes of workload and importance. Elsewhere, linear control is where the feedback concept is made to be in linear capacity and in congruency to some specific requirements. Also, logic control provides an upset methodology in which the rule of logics flow representation is provided through ladder logic notation. Their construction is through use of devices with programmable logic. They easily respond to various switches, pressure switches and also light sensors. Their use is to provide logical mechanical sequences in business operations. Basic advantages are that they are easily designed and good to complex operations handling. However, they may be complex and expensive to develop in terms of human resource capital and material input. Through linear control feedback of linear negativity are produced where signals of mathematical variables are responded. They are basically used to provide acceptable ranges of operations. They are easily regulated and provide a broad width of operational phenomena. Proportional control has their feedback system proportional to the conventional requirement of the persons. This is through providing a subsequent difference in the nature of set points required and the measured value to such control variable. Basically, it allows an error term and also provides appropriate feedback. The control process is managed through basic system of physical implementation of the various control systems. This involves using an implementation system of simulated network where various loops for feedback and computers are coined into an embedded system of display. Through the computers logic, devices are setout with various measurements allied to switch inputs, programmable logic controllers as well as providing a wide system support to the flow of activity within the system. Reference The 4 Functions of management. Retrieved on 18th March 2008 from,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.freeonlineresearchpapers.com/functions-management    How to cite Management control, Essay examples

Romeo and Juliet Violence Essay Example For Students

Romeo and Juliet Violence Essay Romeo and Juliet, by Shakespeare, is a play which shows how prejudice leads to escalating violence. Prejudice leads to violence shown in the play when the feuding families, the Montagues and Capulets fight. In each case, disruption, fighting, injuries and death occur. Also, the prejudice against the two families never got resolved because they were enemies. The prejudice started in Act one Scene one, when the Capulets and Montague servants confronted each other. Then the Capulets servants insult the Montagues. Which lead to a street brawl of the two feuding families. Furthermore in Act three Scene one, the prejudice between the families get worse. When Tybalt wanted revenge with the Montagues, he then confronted Romeo and Mercutio and started a duel. In addition the prejudice between families got even worse, when Tybalt kills Mercutio. Also, in Act five Scene three, Tybalt challenges Romeo to fight and Romeo kills him. Which lead to prejudice between the families. The street in Verona, a public place, is where the prejudice starts between the two families. In Act one Scene one, Sampson and Gregory servants for the Capulets, insulted the Montagues servants Balthasar and Abraham by biting his thumb at him. This leads to a fight, which involves the Lords of both families and the Prince. No death occurred, but the families attitudes against each other were worse then before. Which caused a lot of prejudice against the families that lead to violence. In like manners, another duel between the two feuding families start up again in the street of Verona in Act three Scene one. When Mercutio and Benvolio friends of Romeo, are confronted by Tybalt, who is still prejudice against the Montagues. Tybalt thinks that they crashed the Capulets ball and know he wants revenge. Mercutio and Tybalt fight between each others. Now Romeo arrives trying to stop the arguments. Tybalt draws his sword and challenges Romeo. Romeo refuses to fight and Mercutio stops in to meet Tybalt challenges. Romeo again, steps in to stop the fighting, but Tybalt stabs Mercutio under Romeos arm. Mercutio from this action dies from his injury and this caused disruption between the families which lead to prejudice. Instead of a Capulet killing a Montague, in Act five Scene three, a Montague kills a Capulet as prejudice leads to violence. In the Capulets Tomb at night, Paris, a young nobleman, kinsman to the Prince has come to pay his respect to his â€Å"lost† J uliet. When he hears the footstep of his enemies Romeo and Balthasar. Paris thinks Romeo has come to desecrate Juliets grave in act of the prejudice against them. While young Romeo was only trying to see his only love dead.. But Paris didnt know so he challenges Romeo to a fight and Romeo kills Paris. This event was caused due to prejudice that lead to violence which included injuries, death and disruption. From examining Romeo and Juliet, it is evident that the play shows how prejudice leads to escalating violence when the opening brawl started by the servants, the duel between Mercutio and Tybalt and Romeo and Paris. So it is evident that Romeo and Juliet, is a play that shows how prejudice leads to escalating violence between the feuding families.

Settle by Disclosure free essay sample

Disclosure revolutionized the modern deep house music scene. Ever since their founding in 2011, the 2 brothers from suburban London have come from teaching drum lessons in their family home basement to headlining festivals all over the world. Their freshman album Settle is one of my favorite albums of last year. The albums first song isWhen A Fire Starts To Burn. This song is a perfect way to start off the record. Containing samples of a speech from a Southern minister, the song has a groove to it that makes everyone dance. Latch, the second song, is one of the best songs of the album in my opinion. The track features British vocalist Sam Smith who uses his very powerful voice to compliment the songs throbbing. melody. Its not a shocker this tune is all over the radio. The third song is called F For You. This is one of several tracks of the album where Howard, the younger brother of the duo, actually lends his own voice. We will write a custom essay sample on Settle by Disclosure or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The combination of Howards distinctive voice and the make-you-wanna-move beat of the song caught the eye famous RB singer Mary J. Blige, who went on to remix the song, adding her vocals to it. Next up is White Noise, with funky British pop singer Aluna Francis.In this song, the beat fluctuates from very relaxed sounding to something with a lot of bass. This track, with a melody to it reminiscent of the disco music from the 70s, is sure to be a crowd pleaser, anywhere. Stimulation is the next one. This song, one of the only of the record that does not feature any guest vocalists as well as the halfway point of the album, is a percussion heavy, very danceable deep house jam. Voices follows. Containing lyrics from Sasha Keable, this track exemplifies how beautifully Disclosure incorporates gripping vocals into their music. Sasha’s voice is melodic and captivating. This track is one that is hard to resist putting on repeat. A more experimental track, Second Chance, Disclosure uses sweeping modular synths and dreamy and distorted vocals to show their diversity in the way they make music. This next one, called Grab Her turns rapper J Dillas lyrics into a dancefloor worthy song. You and Me featuring Eliza Doolittle revisits the old UKdeep housesound Disclosure seems to flawlessly produce and breathes a new life into the genre. Quickly transistioning from happy to more emotional sounding songs, Confess To Me, with Jessie Ware,contains abstract yet upbeat synths,warped by the vocals of both Jessie Ware and Howard Lawrence, giving the song a more cryptic and dark feel, yetstill showing Disclosures signature made-for-dancefloor trademark. The duo finishes the album with Help Me Lose My Mind, withthe strong voice of singer London Grammar. Full of love, emotion, and beauty this song ends leaving us pinning for more. On top of being amazing producers, Disclosure also has one of the most impressive live shows Ive ever seen. Combining their musical skills and modern electronic music devices, the shows consist of use of synths, keyboards, guitars, and drum machines. Also, the duo use laptops to create visuals based on the song being played, all while performing live. If you ever have a chance, go see them. At most shows, they even bring out different vocalists from the album. Thanks for reading!

Analysis of Indosat M3 Retention Program in Affecting Customer Loyalty Essay Example

Analysis of Indosat M3 Retention Program in Affecting Customer Loyalty Essay Example Analysis of Indosat M3 Retention Program in Affecting Customer Loyalty Essay Analysis of Indosat M3 Retention Program in Affecting Customer Loyalty Essay Business Research Method Analysis of Indosat M3 Retention Program in Affecting Customer Loyalty Forewords Cellular business today is becoming an industry that people cannot ignore, it is grows fast and so many go into this business. Fast growth and dynamic market in cellular business makes this business challenging when one player in cellular business wants to keep their customers’ loyalty. They must use their creativities to create the effective programs to maintain their customers’ loyalty. For those reasons, the researchers want to reveal about the effective way or programs to maintain their customers’ loyalty especially for young Indosat M3 users. In this market happen dynamic changes of customers because they search for the cheapest price from cellular provider. In order to measure the effectiveness of the current programs, we execute a research through primary data by spread questionnaire and hold interviews and secondary data by surfing at Indosat M3 website. We will use casual method for this research because the problem is clearly defined. Chapter 1: Introduction 1. 1Background Playing in the mobile industry today is very exciting because of its very high growth potential. If counted, the 220 million population of Indonesia today there are about 28 million new mobile numbers in circulation, or about 13 percent, the market is still wide open. Of that amount, Telkomsel had close to 15 million, 9. 3 million, Indosat, and Excelcomindo approximately 4. 5 million. At the end of this year, the number likely will penetrate 30 million, seeing current market share of incoming operators. Growth of subscribers each arrier is very high, above 60 percent, due to programs that provide ease and grace to prospective customers. Moreover, the expansion of service coverage or coverage by all operators create isolated regions into the open. This opens new opportunities and increase customer traffic or SMS conversations. Program Sinyal Kuat from Indosat involved to stimulate people to enjoy its services, because the possibility of a drop ca lls more and more numerous now. Various programs ease the customer makes total audience of mobile operator services also grew, not only in GSM, but also in CDMA. Kartu AS from Telkomsel is the prima donna as the number of customers rose rapidly, approaching half a million new subscribers every month. Excelcomindo Pratama, which since the early known to be very careful to win the market thus its growth is not too fast, now launch Kartu Jempol and Kartu Bebas. Meanwhile, Indosat launched Voucher SMS IM3, absorbing many new subscribers each day on average to 40,000 new customers. Indosat is growing rapidly this year that could have the number of subscribers will keep rising. The growth of Indonesian cellular has reach the highest point in the world, up 74. percent in 2003, said the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) and GS Research However, compared to countries with relatively equal financial ability of its citizens, Indonesia cellular penetration is still comparatively low. Indonesia, with income per capita (938 U. S. dollars a year) up close to China (955 dollars) and Philippines (976 dollars), it turns out our penetration is lower. In fact, cellular growth in China is only 60. 1 percent and the Philippines 64. 4 percent, while Singapore only grew 18. 2 percent and Malaysia 33. 8 percent. Data from ITU, JP Morgan, and GS Research Report issued recently mentioned, our cellular penetration by the end of 2003 only 9 percent. This means that customers only 9 percent of the total population 220 million, while Chinas 20 percent (population 1. 3 billion people), and the Philippines 2 percent. Do not compare with Singapore, which was 79. 8 percent, 42. 6 percent of Malaysia, or Thailand’s 26 percent, 104. 6 percent, and even Hong Kong. India had more bad from Indonesia, for cell penetration is only 2. 6 percent, but with rapid growth, together with Indonesia. If the calculated end of 2003 cellular subscribers in Indonesia only 18. 3 million and the end of this year may just pass the 30 million, then its growth has been more than 63 percent. Do you really mobile in Indonesia grow by 60 percent or more? If calculated from the number of cards sold, the number of subscribers should now have to break the 30 million. The figures fail to penetrate because of the churn; people just stopped subscribing a number of very much. Indosat M3 is one of mobile phone provider that experiences increasing levels of churn rate. During the last three years, IM3 is facing a constant increase on its churn rate; this case is walking in line with the declining levels of consumer loyalty. Due to more tight competition, PT Indosat need to review their marketing strategies through the promotion mix which would impact on the formation and increase customer loyalty. That matter, which encourage this research, namely on the impact of promotions on consumer loyalty IM3 prepaid cards. Dedi Suherman, General Manager of Technology Planning in Telkomsel said that the number of mobile consumers in Indonesia is most likely having more than one card. But at least, if the calculated number of people were still above 100 millions, he added. Churn occurs primarily because the initial price of the current GSM prepaid cards is very low, almost equal in value to the balance they contain. Because its cheap, people treat as the prime card calling cards (calling cards), low pulse exhaust, buy a new card again. If not for a particular purpose, people throw its inaugural card because the card is the second card number did not have time to rub off on their owners. Moreover, intense competition makes the mobile providers generate strategies to win the market by intensify their promotion. Various promotional strategies undertaken by various operators is making such bad consumer behavior, consumers often replace his prepaid card thus affecting the decrease in prepaid card loyalty. Hasnul Suhaimi (47), President Director of PT Indosat Mobile Commerce view, the trend will churn remains high, if mobile operators market by offering cheaper packages. The more sales made, large volume, a higher churn rate. We seemed to chase shadows, because the sales work is ongoing, but no additional amounts of customers, said the man born in Bukittinggi is 23 April 57. According to Hasnul, the growth of cellular subscribers in Indonesia healthier if growing around 9 million this year, 10 million in next year, 11 million in next year, so hopefully in the year 2006 will be 50 million subscribers. If growing more than that number, which happened just chasing, he said. Moreover, intense competition makes the mobile phone providers generate strategies to win the market by intensify their promotion. Various promotional strategies undertaken by various operators is making such bad consumer behavior, consumers often replace his prepaid card thus affecting the decrease in prepaid card loyalty. Dedi Suherman, General Manager of Technology Planning in Telkomsel said that the number of mobile consumers in Indonesia are most likely have more than one card. But at least, if the calculated number of people were still above 100 millions, he added. Mobile provider is experiencing increasing levels of churn rate is issued by Indosat IM3. During the last three years IM3 is facing a constant increase in its churn rate, this case is walking in line with the declining levels of consumer loyalty. Due to the intense competition, PT Indosat need to review their marketing strategies through the promotion mix which would impact on the formation and increase customer loyalty. That matter, which encourage this research, namely on the impact of promotions on consumer loyalty IM3 prepaid cards. According to Kompas newspaper, high growth customers due to the emergence of cheap offerings from all operators. If this policy continues, will eventually be able to drop the mobile industry itself. If during the course of this card so valued around Rp 25,000 plus credits are sold at a price they contain, are now valued card hardly anymore, except the credits. But what could be promoted to operators is not entirely true; for example, called the initial price of Rp 50,000, including 50,000 credits, pulse fact, filled only worth Rp 35,000. Who are the customers who can test it? Hasnul Suhaimi said, the operator cannot entry the market for granted, because there are some things to consider. Production tools that are available should be enough, for example, HLR (home location register), MSC (mobile switching center), customer activation, IN (intelligent network) and whether the market can absorb them. Could have filled the market with sales of 50,000 cards a day early, but the number itself also will be out. He is one of the few who really understood the problem of mobile marketing. Previously he had been a commercial director at PT Telkomsel, PT Indosat still have when the shares are then sold to PT Telkom. He served as Commercial Director of Telkomsel precisely when Indonesia was hit by a recession, when investors away from this country. However, with the introduction of prepaid cards Simpati Telkomsel customers precisely when it grew rapidly, the debts could be repaid faster. And, now reaching 52 percent of Telkomsels cellular market share, while about 32 percent of Indosat. He also implemented his tricks in Indosat which affects a rapid growth. The number of subscribers increased from 5. 96 million at the end of 2003 to around 9. million in the last week of October. Of the 3. 5 million new customers until the third quarter of this year, about 60 percent to 70 percent is completely new customers, existing customers that make the remaining two cards. Although, he said, the data suggest that the number of sales the previous four months together with the number of customers who churn the current month. This phenomenon applies to all operators, although recognized several parties, the pr ogram always managed to create customer loyalty card. However, with the executable programs, plus the fact that in the last three months of this year customers will retain the card, the number of customers who churn will decline. This is because the holiday occurs during the prime card sales spike, while that period lasted until December of this year. Hasnul have the program create loyal customers by giving a bonus in the form of credits. If a customer purchases a prime costing Rp 25 000 with a value of Rp 25 000 pulses are also, on day 33 when he bought a voucher valued at Rp 25 000 will get bonus credits worth Rp 10 000. According to observers, in the first month that has occurred generally churn as much as 10 percent, continuing the same amount to six months ahead. Thats why Hasnul to bid, charging voucher worth it on days the owner will get 66 bonus credits worth Rp 15,000. Hopefully when its three months the number has been steadily used, Indosat card will be used permanently, he said. Churn can actually be prevented if all operators agree not to sell their SIM Card for less than Rp 25,000, with the hope of recharging their credits will be more cheaper than buying prime cards. Today everybody knows that in balance of establishment–customer relation, customers had gained big advantage. In order to continue long-term relationships with customers understanding them, meeting their expectations, being different from rivals are important. This situation is especially vital in similar goods and services offering establishments. For gaining advantage and being unique, offering suitable goods and services, meeting even over meeting expectations and desires of customers are needed. Customer loyalty topic had changed the ways of looking of establishments to customers. Now, establishments are trying to satisfy, make loyal their customers. Loyal customers mean financial and spiritually inputs to establishments. It is generally known that especially on tourism sector there are few researches on customer loyalty. In this context, author believes that this research will have a positive input to the related literature. 1. 2Problem Identification The problem could be identified by analyzing the symptoms that come from broad analysis in the market which are; aMany teenagers tend to change their Sim Card several times Many new mobile providers come with their cheap products cIM3 has too many retention programs The problem could be identified by analyzing the symptoms that come from broad analysis in the market. Based on global review, the most commonly known drivers of customer churn are the following: 1. Equipment envy Customers want the very latest handset with the most advanced features, the most attractive case and the most entertaining services. 2. Pr icing plans Annual tariff pricing contracts predominate in immature markets. When pre-paid options come on the scene, customers migrate to the more flexible plans; particularly those willing to pay a premium for privacy and freedom, those with credit problems, or those too young to sign contracts. 3. Customer service and billing With ties to mobile providers already tenuous, the slightest hassle over billing or service levels sends customers running into the arms of the competition. 4. Network performance More pertinent to newer market participants with developing infrastructures, customers will walk away from a contract when they discover major gaps in so-called blanket coverage. Although not yet introduced in all geographies, number portability, the ability to migrate your phone number across carriers, further increases customer churn rates. Recent number portability studies reveal that churn could be increased by a factor of 1. 6. Since phone numbers are often carrier specific, switching carriers entails changing numbers and business customers are slower to incur the added costs associated with reprinting materials and informing clients. 1. 3Research Limitation This research narrowly targeted to the market of the Indosat M3 customers that the writers observed to the young women and men in age of 17 to 23 years old who study in Institut Teknologi Bandung. In getting the right people to fill the questionnaires, we first held observation through students in Institut Teknologi Bandung to know the amount of Indosat M3 customers. 1. 4Research Questions This research is coped with highlighted explanation which are mostly talk about the area in; 1. How big is people awareness to retention programs? 2. What is the most important aspect in a provider to make people loyal? . What kind of programs that the customers like the most? (direct or indirect) 4. What kind of Indosat M3’s feature those customers prefer to use? 1. 5Research Objectives The objective of this project was to learn about the relationship between Indosat M3 current retention program in affecting its customer loyalty. We explored how effective Indosat M3 overcame price war to fi ght against increasing churn rate through retention programs. In the end, we are going to conclude which programs best suits Indosat M3 target market (teenagers age 17-23 years old). Chapter 2: Literature Review 2. 1Company Profile PT Indosat Tbk was established by the Government on November 10, 1967 as a foreign investment company to provide international telecommunications services in Indonesia and began commercial operations in September 1969 to build, transfer and operate an International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, or Intelsat, earth station in Indonesia to access Intelsat’s Indian Ocean Region satellites for a period of 20 years. As a global consortium of international satellite communications organizations, Intelsat wns and operates a number of telecommunications satellites. Following regulatory changes in the Indonesian telecommunications industry in 1999 and 2000, Indosat began implementing a strategy designed to transform from being Indonesia’s primary international telecommunications provider into a leading, fully integrated telecommunications network and service provider in Indonesia. In 2000, the Government’s intro duction of the Telecommunications Law, which encourages industry liberalization, directly impacted our business. In 2001, as part of the Government’s initiative to restructure the telecommunications industry, we entered into an agreement with Telkom to eliminate our respective crossshareholdings in several operating subsidiaries, including: our acquisition of Telkom’s 22. 5% ownership interest in Satelindo; Telkom’s acquisition of our 35. 0% ownership interest in Telkomsel; and our acquisition of Telkom’s 37. 2% ownership interest in Lintasarta and the purchase of Lintasarta’s convertible bonds held by Telkom. Subsequent to the agreement with Telkom, we acquired an effective 45. % ownership interest in Satelindo, through our acquisition of PT Bimagraha Telekomindo, or Bimagraha, in 2001 and acquired the remaining 25. 0% ownership interest in Satelindo from DeTe Asia in June 2002. To strengthen Satelindo’s capital structure and remove certain restrictive covenants arising from Satelindo’s indebtedness, we made an additional capital contribution to Satelindo totaling US$75. 0 million in July 2002. In August 2002, we entered the domestic telecommunications sector by obtaining a license to provide local fixed network services in the Jakarta and Surabaya areas. We deployed approximately 13,000 lines in those areas to provide local fixed telephone services and announced our strategic objective to become a leading fully integrated telecommunications network and service provider in Indonesia. In 2002, the Government divested 517. 5 million shares, representing approximately 50. 0% of our outstanding Series B shares at the time, in two stages. In May 2002, the Government sold 8. 1% of our outstanding shares through an accelerated global tender. In December 2002, the Government divested 41. 9% of our outstanding Series B shares to a former subsidiary of STT. As of March 31, 2009, the Government owned 14. 29% of our outstanding shares, including the one Series A share, and ICLM and ICLS owned approximately 65. 0% of our outstanding Series B shares. ICLM and ICLS are owned by Qtel. The remaining 20. 71% of our outstanding Series B shares is owned by public shareholders as of March 31, 2009. See â€Å"Item 6: Directors, Senior Management and Employees- Share Ownership. † On November 20, 2003, we merged with Satelindo, Bimagraha and IM3 and all assets and liabilities of such legacy subsidiaries were transferred to us on such date. Since entering the Indonesian cellular market through our acquisition of Satelindo and establishment of IM3 and the subsequent integration of such companies in 2003, cellular services have become the largest contributor to our operating revenues. On June 22, 2008, Qtel purchased all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each of ICLM and ICLS, pursuant to a Share Purchase Agreement dated June 6, 2008 between Qtel and STT, a company incorporated in Singapore. Pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement, Qtel, through its subsidiary, Qatar South East Asia Holding S. P. C. acquired the capital stock of ICLM and ICLS from Asia Mobile Holdings Pte. Ltd. , or AMH, a company incorporated in Singapore, which is 75. 0% indirectly owned by STT Communications Ltd. and 25. 0% indirectly owned by Qtel. Following this acquisition, a change of control occurred in Indosat and Qtel, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, ICLS and Qatar South East Asia Holding S. P. C. , conducted a mandato ry tender offer to acquire up to 1,314,466,775 Series B Shares, representing approximately 24. 19% of our total issued and outstanding Series B Shares (including Series B Shares represented by ADSs), at a purchase price of the U. S. dollar equivalent of Rp369,400 per ADS and Rp7,388 per Series B Share, net to the seller in cash (without interest and subject to any required withholding of taxes). Following settlement of the tender offer on March 5, 2009, Qtel and its subsidiaries hold approximately 65. 0% of our outstanding share capital. 2. 2Theory and Previous Research 1. The Concept of Loyalty According to (ICLP 2006), customer loyalty can be defined as the totality of feelings or attitudes that would incline a customer to consider the re-purchase of a particular product, service or brand or re-visit a particular company, shop or website. Not much different, according to Kotler, Bowen, and Makens (1999), customer loyalty is how likely customers are to return and their willingness to perform partnership activities for the organization. Partnership activities include the customer’s willingness to spend more while on a property, give positive referrals to others and tell the management when problems occur. In addition, the term customer used in this research analysis refers to the end user of the company. In Chu’s opinion (2009), â€Å"Loyalty is a positive attitude and is related to the level of re-purchasing commitment he or she possesses toward a brand in the future†. Barnes says â€Å"The long term success of the a particular brand is not based on the number of consumer who purchase it only once, but on the number who become repeat purchase†. In this case it can be concluded that consumers who are loyal can not be measured by how many he bought, but on how many the customer make a repeat purchase, including recommend someone to buy (Robert, Varki Bordie, 2003 p. 188). According to Robert, Varkie Bordie (2003) the success of the companys ultimate goal to establish relationships with its customers is to establish a strong loyalty. A strong indicator of loyalty is: 1. Say positive Things, is to say positive things about products that have been consumed 2. Recommend friend, is to recommend products that have been consumed to a friend. 3. Continue purchasing, is the purchases made by the continual improvement of products which have been consumed. So, the loyal customer Dengan demikian pelanggan yang loyal adalah â€Å"Pelanggan yang memiliki cirri-ciri antara lain melakukan pembelian secara berulang terhardap badan usaha yang sama, memberitahukan kepada orang lain tentang kepuasan-kepuasan yang didapat dari badan usaha tersebut, dan menunjukan kekebalan terhadap tawaran-tawaran dri badan usahan pesaing. (Griffin, 2005, p. 127). According Lovelovk (1991), which says that the level of customer loyalty towards a particular brand of goods or services depends on several factors, namely the amount to move to the brand of goods or other services, there is the same quality, quantity or service from jenisbarang or replacement services,  of the risk of cha nges in costs due to replacement of goods or services and changes in the level of satisfaction gained from a new brand compared with the previous experience of the brand has ever used. (P37). According to Griffin (2005), states that each customer buys, the customer moves through the buying cycle. Pemmbeli will move malalui first five steps. First, realize that both the product and make an initial purchase. Then, the buyer moves through two stages of attitude formation, which one called evauasi post-purchase and others called the decision to buy back.   When a decision has been approved to buy back, repurchase Klima steps will follow, thus forming a circle repurchase recurrent several times, or several hundred times, during the intertwined relationship between the customer and the company and its products and services. The five steps are: 1. Consciousness, the first step towards dimula loyalty with customer awareness of products. At this stage companies are starting to form a share of mind required for positioning into the minds of prospective customers that the companys product or service superior to competitors. Consciousness can arise in various ways such as competitors ads. Consciousness can arise in various ways such as conventional advertising (radio, TV, and newspapers), iklann on the web and word of mouth communications. 2. Initial purchase, the purchase represents the first important step in maintaining loyalty. First purchase of a purchase of the experiment, companies can instill a positive or negative impression to the customers with products or services provided. Ii After the first purchase made the company the opportunity to begin to cultivate loyal customers. 3. Post-purchase evaluation, conducted after the purchase, the customer is consciously or unconsciously, will evaluate the transaction. 4. The decision to buy back, is the most important attitude for loyalty. In short, no repeat sales, there is no loyalty. The motivation to buy back from dri higher positive attitude shown towards ytertentu product or service. The decision to buy back is often the next step that occurs naturally when a customer has elah a strong emotional bond with a particular product. 5. Buyers returned. To be considered truly loyal, customers should continue to buy back from the same company. A true loyal customers and competitors refused to return from the same company whenever it needed items. That is the kind of customers should be approached yag, serviced and maintained. Similarly, in defining customer loyalty, Griffin (quoted in Shoemaker and Lewis, 1998) urged that two factors are critical for loyalty to grow. The first factor is customer’s emotional attachment toward one certain product or service. The second factor is customer’s repeat purchase. However, as concluded by Backman Crompton (1991), brand loyalty encompassed more than repeat use. Nevertheless, repeatance of use from customer is important when it comes to costs. In business, acquiring the lowest cost is the most important thing. In marketing, keeping existing customers is considerably less expensive than acquiring new ones (ICLP 2006). Reichheld and Sasser (1990) claimed that only a 5% improvement in customer retention can lead to an increase in profitability between 25% and 85%, depending upon industry sector. Therefore increased customer loyalty has a direct relationship with increased profitability. 2. The Factors that affect Loyalty According to Mardalis (2005), factors that affect loyalty can be defined as : Customer satisfaction Kotler defined customer satisfaction as a feeling like it or not a person to a product after the customer to compare these products with the expectation of achievement. According to Kotler (1999, p. 42) is a good feeling of satisfaction or disappointment suffered by someone who is a nd the results of comparing the performance of a product that someone connected with the expectations for the products. Customers will feel dissatisfied if the performance given by the companys lower than what is expected of the customer, otherwise the customer will be satisfied if the given companys performance as expected by the customer. The high satisfaction will create an emotional appeal to the product or service, who can create high customer loyalty. Loyalty from the peanggan to teteap conduct transactions with the company a period to come, as measured by high tingkay loyalty among customers. Musanto (2004) says factors that affect the customer loyalty is : 1. Reability 2. Company’s ability to produce good stuff. 3. Response to and remedy of problems 4. Was the response and the way in responding to customers complaints 5. Sales experience 6. Relationships between customers and employees. 7. Convenience of acquisition 8. All forms of comfort and convenience provided by the company to customers The Quality of Services According to Shellyana and Basu (2002), one of important factor that can make the customer satisfied is the quality of services. Marketers can improve the quality of services to develop loyalty pelanggannya. Produk low quality customers will bear the risk of being unfaithful. If the quality of attention, even strengthened by an intensive advertising, customer loyalty will be more easily obtained. Menjdi promotion of quality and key factors for creating long-term customer loyalty. Some research shows that customers will become loyal to the products high quality products if the products is offered at competitive rates. The statement was similar to Marconi (1993), quality of service depends on heavily subjective in terms of subscribers, but in general the quality of these services adhere to SERVQUAL, which is identifying five things determine the quality of service (in Gefen, 2002), namely: 1. Tangible. Associated with the occurrence of physical transactions 2. Reliability. Products in accordance with the order and delivered on time 3. Responsiveness. Related to the ability of service providers in assisting customers if a problem occurs. 4. Assurance. The services or products providers ability to convince the ustomers that they are capable. 5. Empathy. The ability to make the customers feel Image Kotler (2000, p. 553) defines the image of sebagai seperangkat beliefs, ideas and impressions a person has to an object.   Following that he said the attitude and actions of a person against an object is conditioned by citr object.   Kotler (2002) also adds that the brand image is a requirement of a str ong brand. Simamora (2002) says that the image is the perception of relatively consistent in the long term (Enduring perception). So it is not easy to form the image, so that when formed will be difficult to change it. The image must be clearly established and has advantages when compare with its competitors. Meanwhile, Marconi (1993) mentions that the factors that influence loyalty are as follows The value (price and quality), pemuggunaan a brand in a long time will lead on loyalty, so the company should be responsible for maintaining the brand. Please note, the reduction of the quality standards of a brand will disappoint customers the most loyal customers even though, begiu also with price changes. Therefore, the employer must control the quality of the brand and its price. Image (either from its personality and reputation of the brand). The image of the company and the brand begins with awareness. Based on research conducted there is a correlation between awareness and market share, so it can be concluded there is also a relationship between brand image with a market share. Items will have a good image can generate customer loyalty to the brand. Convenience and ease to get branded. In a stressful situation and market demand which requires the existence of convenience, the company is required to provide the product is convenient and easy to obtain. The satisfaction felt by customers Services, with good service quality offered by a brand can affect customer loyalty to the brand. Guarantees and warranties provided by the brand. According to Griffin (2005), a loyal customer is one who: 1. Perform regular repeat purchases 2. Antarlini buy products and services 3. Refer products to others 4. Showed resistance to the pull of the competition Meanwhile, according to Giddens (2002) holds a loyal customer following characteristics: 1. A commitment to the brand. 2. Dare to pay more on the brand when compared to other brands. 3. Would recommend the brand to others. . In buying back the products do not consider. 5. Always follow information related to the brand. 6. Customers can become a kind of spokesperson for the brand and the customer is always to develop a relationship with the brand. In a competitive market rate is high enough, the company began to compete to provide satisfaction to its customers so that customers have a high loyalty to what is offered by the company. According to Jones and Sasser (1994, p 745) suggests that customer loyalty is an endogenous variable caused by a combination of satisfaction so that loyalty is a function of satisfaction pelangggan. If the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty is positive, then the high satisfaction will increase customer loyalty (Musanto, 2004, p. 130) 3. Customer Retention Customer retention is about to make sure the existing customers keep buying from a company. It is important for an organization to increase the numbers of loyal customers because based on a research that attracting a new customer costs 6 times more than retaining an existing customer (Sportjournal. com n. d. ). Based on the research (Perpustakaan Institut Teknologi Telkom 2009) there are 4 significant variables that affect customer loyalty. The first variable is Price. Price becomes very important for a company to survive in a competitive industry. Most likely, customer will choose to use products or services provided with lower price. Well set price can become a uniqueness for a company compared to other competitors. Next variable is switching barriers, it is any impediment to a customer’s changing of product or services. When the switching barriers increase, the level of customer loyalty also increases. Things that could affect switching barriers include added value from the product or services they provide. Customer satisfaction is also important, it is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. By having a customer service which always open 24 hours or placed them on a strategic places where many customer could easily reach them and a high quality product with terrific wide coverage signal could be the reason why customer satisfaction could increase customer loyalty. Last but not least, company’s image is the last variable that influence customer loyalty. Company image refers to how a corporation is perceived; it is a generally accepted image of what a company stands for. By having a positive image of course it can attract many customers. Based on those four significant variable which affect the Customer loyalty, a retention program was provided to increase customer loyalty that can suppress the higher churn rate. Beside that, there’s also a theory about customer retention program. The objective of this retention program is to maintain customer to use this product continuously. Every business should have a customer loyalty program because it costs five times as much money to find a new customer than it does to get a current customer to come back (Frey, n. d). According to Frey (n. d. , there are four types of successful customer loyalty programs: A Membership Program. Membership programs are one of the best ways to keep customers coming back. Most programs provide special incentives to members as part of their membership. A Rewards Program. Rewards programs provide gifts and perk that are earned according to the amount of business your customer s do. Create a Community. Every human has a deep inner need to belong to a community. Belonging gives us security and helps us to understand our place in life. Create Intertwined Business Processes. This is not just a traditional customer loyalty program but, its the bsolute best to guarantee that customers will keep coming back. Lowenstein (200-) in his writing states: ‘Theres one last thing to remember about the tree growth-customer loyalty analogy, which applies equally to CRM- and to all areas of customer management: It takes a long time, and a lot of effort, for a tree to grow and mature, but it can be cut down very quickly or slowly decay without nourishment. Keeping the tree healthy and protected, from the bark to the heartwood, is in every suppliers best interest. ’ 2. 3Hypothesis Chapter 3: Methodology 3. 1Research Location This research is located in ITB. The research location which are taken to gather the answer from the respondents which are the IM3 customers in age 17 to 23 years old were gathered by web-based questioner. The researchers choose that interval age because the target market of Indosat M3 is for teenagers. 3. 2Sampling Methodology Survey research is used in this study. To get data, researchers are using the questionnaire. In addition, document survey through internet is used to support the literature review. The respondents in this study are Indosat M3 users, which in group teenagers from age 17 to 23 years old. This study used statistic tool REGRESSSION in data processing. The survey method is simple random, because the limited time, resources, and the fastest way to gather information. The objects of this research are students of Institut Teknologi Bandung because it represents the requirement of our sample. 3. 3Population and Sample 3. 3. 1Population The population for the questioner focused to young Indosat M3 users which the target market fo Indosat M3 in age between 17 to 23 who lived in Bandung, especially in ITB. 3. 3. 2Sample The samples are decided by the researchers based on the population. The researchers use 35 samples from ITB student to fill the web-based questioner. The requirement to do the sampling is minimum 30 samples, so the researchers have fulfilled the minimum requirement. 3. 4Research Design The researchers collect data from young users of Indosat M3 who being the target from this research. The researchers do the data collection in ITB. [pic] 3. 5Gathering Data Methods The techniques of data gathering are the ways that are used to obtain data. The techniques which are used to collect data based on questioner. It is a collection of data through the distribution of a written list of the question that are associated with the variables that to be given to the customers. The researchers used web-based questioner to gather all of the data from the respondents. The questioner contains 10 questions and the researchers offer the knowledge about the four IM3 retention programs. The researchers spread 35 questioners to young IM3 users in ITB. 3. 6Data Analysis Plan 1. The data are gathered by using quantitative method by spreading questioner to ITB by web-based questioner. 2. Make the coding from the categorical scale data that have been tabulated in order to make easier on the data collection. 3. The researchers use the validity analysis to test the question in questioner whether the question necessary or not. Then, the researchers use the reliability analysis to test whether the question consistent or not. The researchers use split-half method to analyze the reliability. 4. Make the hypothesis for the research. 5. The researchers use the regression analyze by using SPSS software. 3. 7Timeline |Week |Description | |WEEK 1 |Brainstorming to collect the issue to be research and select the main topic. |WEEK 2 |Making background of this research, making the problem statement, define the objective, | | |methodology and sampling method. | |WEEK 3 |Arrange the questioner design, and make the web-based questioner. | |WEEK 4 |Spreading the questioner to the target market in ITB and collect data. | |WEEK 5 |Spreading the questioner to the target market in ITB and collect data and coding the data. |WEEK 6 |Coding data, analyze data using SPSS. | |WEEK 7 |Completing, interpreting and making the final report. | Chapter 4: Data Analysis and Discussion 4. 1Validity and Reliability Analysis To measure the validity and reliability of the questioner, the researchers just using the certain number of the questioner that related with the objective research. Therefore, the research just measure number 5, 6, 7 and 8 that explain the variable for each categories. This research uses 35 respondents to obtain the result. Based on the research to the target market, the researchers get the result: |Number of Respondents |Question number | | |5 |6 |7 |8 | | |A | |0,6 ? x lt; 1 |High Validity | |0,5 ? lt; 0,6 |Medium Validity | |0,3 ? x lt; 0,5 |Low Validity | |x lt; 0,3 |Invalid | The result from the analysis is: |Question Number |Validity Coefficient |Categories | |5 |A |0. 364618278 |High Validity | |   |B |0. 22917498 |Medium Validity | |   |C |0. 607464215 |High Validity | |6 |A |0. 421016851 |Low Validity | |   |B |0. 530451195 |Medium Validity | |   |C |0. 484852521 |Low Validity | |7 A |0. 542754703 |Medium Validity | |   |B |0. 573716203 |Medium Validity | |   |C |0. 573716203 |Medium Validity | |8 |A |0. 359680642 |Low Validity | |   |B |0. 40248017 |Low Validity | |   |C |0. 398274811 |Low Validity | All of the requirement questions for analyze the objective have already valid so the researchers did not revise the question er and go to the reliability analysis. 4. 2Stastitical Analysis The researchers use the Split-half method to measure the reliability of the questioner. The questions are divided into 2 parts with same amount, as follows: Part 1 | | | | | | |5a |5c |6b |7a |7c | |Pearson Correlation |VAR00005 |1. 000 |. 483 |. 283 |. 303 |. 093 | | |VAR00001 |. 483 |1. 000 |. 017 |. 85 |000 | | |VAR00002 |. 283 |. 017 |1. 000 |. 251 |-. 033 | | |VAR00003 |. 303 |. 285 |. 251 |1. 000 |-. 138 | | |VAR00004 |. 093 |. 000 |-. 033 |-. 138 |1. 000 | |Sig. (1-failed) |VAR00005 |. |. 002 |. 050 |. 38 |. 297 | | |VAR00001 |. 002 |. |. 461 |. 048 |. 500 | | |VAR00002 |. 050 |. 461 |. |. 073 |. 425 | | |VAR00003 |. 038 |. 048 |. 073 |. |. 214 | | |VAR00004 |. 297 |. 500 |. 425 |. 214 |. |N |VAR00005 |35 |35 |35 |35 |35 | | |VAR00001 |35 |35 |35 |35 |35 | | |VAR00002 |35 |35 |35 |35 |35 | | |VAR00003 |35 |35 |35 |35 |35 | | |VAR00004 |35 |35 |35 |35 |35 | For the measurement of the correlation strength between t he variables, there are the criteria: ? Correlation value is between 0 to 1 ? The value of correlation determines the strength of the relationship between variables. There are the standards of correlation value: o 0 – 0,25 : weak correlation (almost none) o gt;0,25 – 0,5: moderate correlation gt;0,5 – 0,75: strong correlation o gt;0,75 – 1: very strong correlation ? Correlation can be positive or negative. Positive correlation shows a same direction relationship between variables, which mean if the value of variable 1 big then variable 2 will have bigger value. Negative correlation have opposite relationship from the positive one between the variables, which mean if the value of variable 1 big then variable 2 will have a smaller value. ? If the value of correlation is 1, then the correlation is perfect correlation. Perfect correlation means all variable have a perfect linear relationship in other word variable 1 affect variable 2 perfectly. In this case a hypothetical test is unnecessary to observe the significant level of the variable’ relationship anymore. ? Significance relationship between the variables can be analyze with this requirement: o If the probabilities or significance lt; 0,05, relationship between variable is significant o If the probabilities or significance gt; 0,05, relationship between variable is not significant o In special case the significance number 0,05 is replaced with 0,01 if the result from the SPSS marked with star (*). From the calculation with SPSS the correlation number between the dependent and independent variable can be determine. Correlation number between var5 and Program Voucher SMS M3 is 0,483 which mean the correlation is moderate and positive correlation shows that the relationship is when the var5 increasing the same goes on Program Voucher SMS M3. Correlation number between var5 and Program IM3 semua MURAH! is 0,283 which mean a moderate correlation same as var5 and Program Voucher SMS M3. Correlation number from var5 and Program IM3 Ce eS-an, SMS dan Telpon Gratis Puas Abis relationship is 0,303 is moderate correlation same as before. Last var5 and Program Balckberry Prepaid correlation number is 0,093 means weak correlation and still the number is positive means the variables goes in a same direction. The significance level between the variable can be determined from probability number (sig) in correlation table from SPSS. Var5 and Program Voucher SMS M3 probability number is 0,002 which mean the variable relationship is strong, in a same direction, and significant same goes as the relationship between var5 and Program IM3 semua MURAH! (probability number is 0,05) also between var5 and Program IM3 Ce eS-an, SMS dan Telpon Gratis Puas Abis (probability number is 0,038). For relationship between var5 and Program Balckberry Prepaid which is the probability number is 0,297 means that the relationship is weak, not in a same direction and insignificant. |Model |R |R square |Adjusted R square |Std error of the estimate | |1 |. 578a |. 334 |. 245 |. 20503 | R Square will be used to calculate how much the frequency of independent variable affect the dependent variable. R number can be mentioned as determination coefficient. From the table above the determination coefficient is 0,334 or 33,4%. This number means about 33,4% amount of var5 can be explained by using Program Voucher SMS M3, Program IM3 semua MURAH! , Program IM3 Ce eS-an, SMS dan Telpon Gratis Puas Abis, and Program Balckberry Prepaid. In other word the effect of the independent variable to dependent variable is about 33,4%. The rest of it which is 66,6% (100%-66,6%) must be explained through another factors which is outside from this regression model. The formula for calculate the other factors is error = 1-r2 or 1-0,334. To test whether the regression model is correct or not, the model need to be tested its linearity relationship between the independent variables. Number that will be used is: |model |Sum of Squares |df |Mean square |F |Sig. | |1 Regression |. 632 |4 |. 158 |3. 757 |. 0. 14a | | Residual |1. 261 |30 |. 042 | | | | Total |1. 1893 |34 | | | | The hypothesis: H0 : there is no linear relationship among the 4 variables IM3 products with the awareness H1 : there is a linear relationship among the 4 variables IM3 products with the awareness The testing conducted by using the significant number or Sig with the following provisions: If the significant number of research lt; 0,05; H0 rejected and H1 accepted If the significant number of research gt; 0,05; H0 accepted and H1 rejected. Based on the calculation obtained the significant number 0,014. The result 0,014 lt; 0,05, so H0 rejected and H1 accepted. It means there is a linear relationship among the 4 variables IM3 products with the awareness. From the analysis, because there is the linear relationship among those variables, so all 4 IM3 products indeed influence the awareness. The conclusion is the regression model above have corrected and proper. Conclusion From the analysis above, the researchers can make the conclusion as follows: The correlation number among 4 variables IM3 products with the awareness is 0,578. The influence of 4 variables to the awareness is 0,334 or 33,4% The another factors outside the regression model is 0,666 or 66,6% Chapter 5: Conclusion answering research question gt; and recommendation References http://korananakindonesia. wordpress. com/2010/03/27/pemakai-telepon-seluler-indonesia-terbesar-ke-6-di-dunia/ PT. Indosat Tbk Company Logo Discussion Group: Ali Zainal Abidin (19008174) Galih Pandikar (19008156) Livia Ardelia Gentha (19008089) Rani Fevadiana Bokslag (19008117)

To compare Pedagogy of the oppressed by Paulo Freire with the movie Essay

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